IB Psychology HL Y1 Assessment [Aug 21st, 2006]
Thanks to the advancement of studies and researches, psychotherapy undergoes many great changes this century. In general, more people accept, therefore attend therapy courses, nowadays than in the 19th century. People pay huge amount of money to attend group and individual therapies with the experts. As the field has been broadened, therapy evolves from one-culture into multicultural to handle the diversity of the clients’ backgrounds. It reaches into education, management, business, and labor areas. Many modern therapists create their own ideas and practices from the new therapy methods discovered, unlike in the past when major methods were rare and therapists relied on a single principle. Religious and spiritual issues are being brought in to heighten the efficiency of today’s therapy, although they were very much neglected in the past. A breakthrough in modern technology, advance study and research, and the growing popularity of it reshape the ideas and practice of psychotherapy.
The article mentions twenty breakthroughs conducted by many experts. Here are the five that I find most important:
- Breakthrough #1: Jean Piaget shows that, unlike adults, children are unable to understand that the volume of a liquid will still remain constant even if it is poured from a tall glass into a wide bowl. The result suggests that the brain goes through stages of development. Knowing this, psychologists can design suitable experiments according to their patients’ (or clients’) ages, in order to obtain the most effective results.
- Breakthrough #2: Matina Homer, former president of Radcliffe College, conducted an experiment which shows that male performs better than women in a competitive situation. The experiment has two parts: first part includes them doing some tests in a separated environment, and the second part involves them sitting in the same room and do the test. The male student performs worse on the first, but excels in the latter. This critically can help psychologists to answer why male tends to dominate the society (because male performs better under pressure).
- Breakthrough #3: Harry F. Harlow points out that female, compared to male, is far more effective in child care. He backs his statement up with an experiment involving a set of male, female, and baby monkeys. This knowledge will tremendously help to understand the issues relating the youngsters (child-abuse cases, child-care center, etc.).
- Breakthrough #4: Robert Epstein’s research had identified four ways to boost creativity, which are capturing, challenging, broadening, and surrounding. This information will play a big role in improving young people’s education, and making them potentially successful individuals.
- Breakthrough #5: Hans Selye, the first researcher to introduce psychological stress, shares with his interviewer a very important idea about stress. He said that stress is not necessarily a bad thing. Some people are happier in life when they have a fast-pace and busy lifestyle, which is not abnormal. He advised that people should know their capability of handling stress, and not to go beyond that limit to avoid danger.
~Daniel
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